Messier Marathon   Location:

Big Spy Mountain Overlook,
Blue Ridge Parkway, VA
37°53'28" N   079°08'21" W

Date:

March 23 - 24, 2009

Instruments:

Celestron C8
13.1" dobsonian
20 x 80 binoculars

Weather:

Mild temperatures
Slight breeze
Almost no clouds

  M # Object Type Constellation Right Ascension Declination Notes
1 M77 Galaxy Cetus 02h 42m 41s -00° 00' 48" Difficult to find, I probably spent too much time looking for it
2 M74 Galaxy Pisces 01h 36m 42s +15° 47' 01" Clouds obscured view early, then stared at its location but could not see it in late twilight before it set
3 M33 Galaxy Triangulum 01h 33m 50s +30° 39' 37" Observed with some difficulty, but after missing M74, there is no more time crunch
4 M31 Galaxy Andromeda 00h 42m 44s +41° 16' 09" Easy in binoculars
5 M32 Galaxy Andromeda 00h 42m 42s +40° 51' 55" Locatable in big binoculars, better in any telescope
6 M110 Galaxy Andromeda 00h 40m 22s +41° 41' 07" This object took me a few tries and quite a few minutes to finally confirm due to low surface brightness
7 M52 Open Cluster Cassiopeia 23h 24m 48s +61° 35' 36" It's always difficult to orient myself to locate this cluster
8 M103 Open Cluster Cassiopeia 01h 33m 12s +60° 42' 00" Surprisingly difficult for me to find; hard to identify among the neighboring clusters (see NGC 663 below)
9 M76 Planetary Nebula Perseus 01h 42m 24s +51° 34' 31" Surprisingly easy tonight, usually I have difficulty finding it
10 M34 Open Cluster Perseus 02h 42m 06s +42° 46' 00" Easy to locate
11 M45 Open Cluster Taurus 03h 47m 24s +24° 07' 00" Naked Eye if you want to count it that way LOL
12 M79 Globular Cluster Lepus 05h 24m 11s -24° 31' 27"  
13 M42 Diffuse Nebula Orion 05h 35m 17s -05° 23' 28"  
14 M43 Diffuse Nebula Orion 05h 35m 32s -05° 17' 57"  
15 M78 Reflection Nebula Orion 05h 46m 47s +00° 00' 50"  
16 M1 Supernova Remnant Taurus 05h 34m 32s +22° 00' 52" Had to wait until it was fully dark for this object
17 M35 Open Cluster Gemini 06h 08m 54s +24° 20' 00"  
18 M37 Open Cluster Auriga 05h 52m 18s +32° 33' 02"  
19 M36 Open Cluster Auriga 05h 36m 18s +34° 08' 24"  
20 M38 Open Cluster Auriga 05h 28m 43s +35° 51' 18"  
21 M41 Open Cluster Canis Major 06h 46m 00s -20° 46' 00"  
22 M93 Open Cluster Puppis 07h 44m 30s -23° 51' 24"  
23 M47 Open Cluster Puppis 07h 36m 36s -14° 30' 00" Coarse structure, relatively few stars, several much brighter than others
24 M46 Open Cluster Puppis 07h 41m 46s -14° 48' 36" Fine cluster, even distribution of numerous faint stars
25 M50 Open Cluster Monoceros 07h 02m 48s -08° 20' 16"  
26 M48 Open Cluster Hydra 08h 13m 43s -05° 45' 00"  
27 M44 Open Cluster Cancer 08h 40m 24s +19° 59' 00" Unaided eye or binoculars are all that's needed!
28 M67 Open Cluster Cancer 08h 51m 18s +11° 49' 00" Easy to locate near α Cancri
29 M95 Galaxy Leo 10h 43m 58s +11° 42' 14" Need to be careful which one of these is which
30 M96 Galaxy Leo 10h 46m 46s +11° 49' 12" Need to be careful which one of these is which
31 M105 Galaxy Leo 10h 47m 50s +12° 34' 54" Need to be careful which one of these is which
32 M65 Galaxy Leo 11h 18m 56s +13° 05' 32" I wasn't looking for these two at this point, but swept this one up in the C8
33 M66 Galaxy Leo 11h 20m 15s +12° 59' 29" I wasn't looking for these two at this point, but swept this one up in the C8
34 M81 Galaxy Ursa Major 09h 55m 33s +69° 03' 55" I always loved the 1970's Celestron ad in Sky & Telescope that read, "Spend Christmas on M81!"
35 M82 Galaxy Ursa Major 09h 55m 52s +69° 40' 47"  
36 M97 Planetary Nebula Ursa Major 11h 14m 48s +55° 01' 08"  
37 M108 Galaxy Ursa Major 11h 11m 31s +55° 40' 27"  
38 M109 Galaxy Ursa Major 11h 57m 36s +53° 22' 28"  
39 M40 Double Star Ursa Major 12h 22m 12s +58° 04' 58" Have never bothered to locate this; did not count it toward total
40 M106 Galaxy Canes Venatici 12h 18m 57s +47° 18' 14"  
41 M94 Galaxy Canes Venatici 12h 50m 53s +41° 07' 14"  
42 M63 Galaxy Canes Venatici 13h 15m 49s +42° 01' 46"  
43 M51 Galaxy Canes Venatici 13h 29m 53s +47° 11' 43" Also easily saw companion, see notes below for NGC 5195
44 M101 Galaxy Ursa Major 14h 03m 13s +54° 20' 57"  
45 M102 Galaxy Draco 15h 06m 29s +55° 45' 48" This object is always an issue ~ I observed NGC 5907 and NGC 5866 so I should get credit (coords are for NGC 5866)
46 M53 Globular Cluster Coma Berenices 13h 12m 55s +18° 10' 05" Its neighbor NGC 5053 was not visible
47 M64 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 56m 44s +21° 40' 58"  
48 M3 Globular Cluster Canes Venatici 13h 42m 12s +28° 22' 38"  
49 M98 Galaxy Virgo 12h 13m 48s +14° 54' 02" Finally starting the Virgo cluster!
50 M99 Galaxy Virgo 12h 18m 50s +14° 24' 59"  
51 M100 Galaxy Virgo 12h 22m 55s +15° 49' 18"  
52 M85 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 25m 24s +18° 11' 28"  
53 M84 Galaxy Virgo 12h 25m 04s +12° 53' 13" Western end of Markarian's Chain

This galaxy and the nine one following it are the central part of the Virgo cluster of galaxies in terms of Messier objects ~ I learned the system of navigating through this maze from an article by Fred Schaaf in one of Guy Ottewell's Astronomical Calendars.  He describes these ten galaxies as a coathanger, anchored by two galaxy pairs on either end (M84/M86 and M59/M60), the middle of the lower bar being M87 and M58, then the start of the hanger (making a triangle with M87 and M58) being M89, then continuing up the hook of the hanger with M90, then M91 above that, and finally curling back down to the west is M88.

With practice, it is possible to "galaxy hop" your way through this region fairly quickly, so long as you are comfortable with the orientation of the sky in your eyepiece and can smoothly move your scope in both axes.  My preferred way to start is with M84 and M86, then with a low power eyepiece note which way Markarian's chain is going, then move eastward but slightly south toward M87 (it will be bright enough that you won't miss it so long as you are going in the right direction), and then to M58, M59 and M60.

After that, go back to M58 and M87, and then triangulate your way north to locate M89, and then pick up the last three making an arc north of it.  Fortunately, the distances between them are very comparable, so "hopping" from one to the other is done with similar length hops.

54 M86 Galaxy Virgo 12h 26m 12s +12° 56' 46"
55 M87 Galaxy Virgo 12h 30m 49s +12° 23' 28"
56 M89 Galaxy Virgo 12h 35m 40s +12° 33' 23"
57 M90 Galaxy Virgo 12h 36m 50s +13° 09' 46"
58 M88 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 31m 59s +14° 25' 14"
59 M91 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 35m 26s +14° 29' 47"
60 M58 Galaxy Virgo 12h 37m 44s +11° 49' 05"
61 M59 Galaxy Virgo 12h 42m 02s +11° 38' 49"
62 M60 Galaxy Virgo 12h 43m 40s +11° 33' 09"
63 M49 Galaxy Virgo 12h 29m 47s +08° 00' 02"  
64 M61 Galaxy Virgo 12h 21m 55s +04° 28' 25"  
65 M104 Galaxy Virgo 12h 39m 59s -11° 37' 23" I usually have no trouble pointing at this galaxy almost immediately
66 M68 Globular Cluster Hydra 12h 39m 28s -26° 44' 39" Quite far south, must have clear southern horizon to see this, so plan accordingly
67 M83 Galaxy Hydra 13h 37m 01s -29° 51' 57" Quite far south, must have clear southern horizon to see this, so plan accordingly
68 M5 Globular cluster Serpens 15h 18m 33s +02° 04' 52"  
69 M13 Globular cluster Hercules 16h 41m 41s +36° 27' 36"  
70 M92 Globular cluster Hercules 16h 41m 41s +36° 27' 36" Have never memorized the exact location of this object ~ always takes me time to locate it
71 M57 Planetary nebula Lyra 18h 53m 35s +33° 01' 45" Easy to locate along bottom line of parallelogram
72 M56 Globular cluster Lyra 19h 16m 36s +30° 11' 01" Always difficult for me to find ~ have to use a chart to guide me to the spot
73 M29 Open cluster Cygnus 20h 23m 56s +38° 31' 24" There is almost nothing here ~ interesting how Messier decided this was a nebulous object
74 M39 Open cluster Cygnus 21h 31m 48s +48° 26' 00" Had to wait for this object to clear a foreground tree in the northeast
75 M27 Planetary nebula Vulpecula 19h 59m 36s +22° 43' 16" I can usually locate the Dumbbell Nebula almost immediately
76 M71 Globular cluster Sagitta 19h 53m 46s +18° 46' 45"  
77 M107 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 16h 32m 32s -13° 03' 14"  
78 M12 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 16h 47m 14s -01° 56' 55"  
79 M10 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 16h 57m 09s -04° 05' 58"  
80 M14 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 17h 37m 36s -03° 14' 45" Have to use a chart every time I try to locate this object
81 M9 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 17h 19m 12s -18° 30' 59"  
82 M4 Globular cluster Scorpius 16h 23m 35s -26° 31' 33"  
83 M80 Globular cluster Scorpius 16h 17m 02s -22° 58' 34" Wikipedia entry is wrong ~ this was one of Messier's *last* discoveries, not first
84 M19 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 17h 02m 38s -26° 16' 05"  
85 M62 Globular cluster Ophiuchus 17h 01m 13s -30° 06' 45"  
86 M6 Open cluster Scorpius 17h 41m 58s -32° 15' 56" Coordinates obtained from this Butterfly cluster site
87 M7 Open cluster Scorpius 17h 53m 51s -34° 47' 34" Need to make sure you have a good southern horizon, the most southerly Messier object
88 M11 Open cluster Scutum 18h 51m 05s -06° 16' 12"  
89 M26 Open cluster Scutum 18h 45m 18s -09° 23' 00"  
90 M16 Open cluster, Nebulosity Serpens 18h 18m 48s -13° 49' 00"  
91 M17 Diffuse nebula Sagittarius 18h 20m 26s -16° 10' 36"  
92 M18 Open cluster Sagittarius 18h 19m 58s -17° 06' 06"  
93 M24 Star cloud Sagittarius 18h 17m 43s -18° 47' 28" Coordinates are my estimation of the center of the star cloud
94 M25 Open cluster Sagittarius 18h 31m 47s -19° 07' 00" Fun fact:  this is the only Messier object not in the NGC
95 M23 Open cluster Sagittarius 17h 57m 04s -18° 59' 06"  
96 M21 Open cluster Sagittarius 18h 04m 13s -22° 29' 24" Could be challenging to find if it weren't so close to M20
97 M20 Diffuse nebula Sagittarius 18h 02m 23s -23° 01' 48"  
98 M8 Diffuse nebula Sagittarius 18h 03m 37s -24° 23' 12"  
99 M28 Globular cluster Sagittarius 18h 24m 33s -24° 52' 11"  
100 M22 Globular cluster Sagittarius 18h 36m 24s -23° 54' 17"  
101 M69 Globular cluster Sagittarius 18h 31m 23s -32° 20' 53" Challenging because it's not conspicuous and you need a flat southeastern horizon
102 M70 Globular cluster Sagittarius 18h 43m 13s -32° 17' 32" Challenging because it's not conspicuous and you need a flat southeastern horizon
103 M54 Globular cluster Sagittarius 18h 55m 03s -30° 28' 48" Challenging because it's not conspicuous and you need a flat southeastern horizon
104 M55 Globular cluster Sagittarius 19h 40m 00s -30° 57' 53" Had to wait a long time for this object to clear the trees to my southeast
105 M75 Globular cluster Sagittarius 20h 06m 05s -21° 55' 18" Had to wait a long time for this object to clear the trees to my southeast
106 M15 Globular cluster Pegasus 21h 29m 58s +12° 10' 01" Decided to knock out this easy one in early twilight while waiting for M30 to rise
107 M2 Globular cluster Aquarius 21h 33m 27s -00° 49' 24" Decided to knock out this easy one in early twilight while waiting for M30 to rise
108 M72 Globular cluster Aquarius 20h 53m 28s -12° 32' 14" Racing against gathering twilight, I managed to see this with the 13" dob
109 M73 Group of four stars Aquarius 20h 58m 54s -12° 38' 00" With twilight brightening every second, it took me awhile to confirm barely seeing this with the 13" dob
110 M30 Globular cluster Capricornus 20h 58m 54s -12° 38' 00" My view of M30 from my 13" dob was obstructed by a tree #$%^@&!, so I took the 20x80 binos and moved literally just 15 feet away; even though I was looking at the correct spot, I could not see it against the brightening twilight.  Game over!
Final Tally Objects Observed:  107 Objects Attempted:  109  
Additional Deep Sky Objects
111 NGC 4631 Galaxy Canes Venatici 12h 42m 08s +32° 32' 29" Large edge-on galaxy, known as the Whale Galaxy due to asymmetric shape, 15.5' long
112 NGC 4656 Galaxy Canes Venatici 12h 43m 58s +32° 10' 05" Large edge-on galaxy, known as the Hockey Stick, paired with NGC 4657, 13' long
113 NGC 4565 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 36m 21s +25° 59' 16" Large edge-on galaxy, called the Needle Galaxy, almost 16' long
114 NGC 4559 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 35m 58s +27° 57' 36" almost 10' across
115 NGC 5195 Galaxy Canes Venatici 13h 29m 59s +47° 15' 58" This galaxy is the one interacting with M51
116 NGC 3077 Galaxy Ursa Major 10h 03m 19s +68° 44' 02" One of two smaller galaxies near M81 (southeast of it)
117 NGC 2976 Galaxy Ursa Major 09h 47m 15s +67° 54' 59" One of two smaller galaxies near M81 (southwest of it)
118 NGC 4394 Galaxy Coma Berenices 12h 25m 56s +18° 12' 50" Companion galaxy to M85
119 NGC 4435 M       
a       G
r   C   a
k   h   l
a   a   a
r   i   x
i   n   i
a       e
n       s
s       
Virgo 12h 29m 00s +12° 56' 33" Smaller galaxy of the pair knows as "The Eyes"
120 NGC 4438 Virgo 12h 29m 06s +12° 52' 33" Larger galaxy of the pair knows as "The Eyes"
121 NGC 4458 Virgo 12h 28m 58s +13° 14' 31" One member of next pair of galaxies northeast of NGC 4435/4438 in the chain
122 NGC 4461 Virgo 12h 29m 03s +13° 11' 02" Second member of next pair of galaxies northeast of NGC 4435/4438 in the chain
123 NGC 4473 Coma Berenices 12h 29m 49s +13° 25' 46" Only member of the chain that is not part of a close group
124 NGC 4477 Coma Berenices 12h 30m 02s +13° 38' 12" Northernmost pair of galaxies in Markarian's Chain
125 NGC 4479 Coma Berenices 12h 30m 18s +13° 34' 40"
126 NGC 5139 Globular cluster Centaurus 13h 26m 47s -47° 28' 46" Ω Centauri was just barely above my southern horizon ~ it only culminates 4°35' above the horizon at Big Spy Mountain
127 NGC 2903 Galaxy Leo 09h 32m 10s +21° 30' 03" Large spiral galaxy in western Leo ~ how did Messier or Mechain miss it?
128 NGC 3628 Galaxy Leo 11h 20m 17s +13° 35' 23" Makes up the third galaxy in the eastern "Leo Trio" with M65/66
129 NGC 3384 Galaxy Leo 10h 48m 17s +12° 37' 46" Companion galaxy to M105, similar size and brightness to M105 on images but visually much dimmer
130 NGC 3389 Galaxy Leo 10h 48m 28s +12° 32' 01" Companion galaxy to M105, much less conspicuous than M105 or NGC 3384
131 NGC 3242 Planetary Nebula Hydra 10h 24m 46s -18° 38' 33" Well known as the "Ghost of Jupiter" planetary, responds well to OIII filter
132 NGC 4361 Planetary Nebula Corvus 12h 24m 31s -18° 47' 06" I noted that this object appeared quite large compared to most planetary nebulae
133 NGC 4038 Galaxy Corvus 12h 01m 53s -18° 52' 10" NGC 4038 is paired with NGC 4039 to form the Antennae
134 NGC 4039 Galaxy Corvus 12h 01m 54s -18° 53' 11" NGC 4039 is paired with NGC 4038 to form the Antennae
135 NGC 4476 Galaxy Virgo 12h 29m 59s +12° 20' 55" Dimmer companion to M87, on the extreme right side of this APOD image
136 NGC 4478 Galaxy Virgo 12h 30m 17s +12° 19' 43" Brighter companion to M87, right of center in this APOD image
137 NGC 6543 Planetary Nebula Draco 17h 58m 33s +66° 37' 59" Bright planetary in Draco, called the Cat's Eye Nebula
138 NGC 2403 Galaxy Camelopardalis 07h 36m 51s +65° 36' 50" Low surface brightness galaxy in Camelopardalis, very close to us, only 9.6 million light years away
139 NGC 1502 Open cluster Camelopardalis 04h 07m 49s +62° 19' 55" Open cluster at the end of Kemble's Cascade
140 NGC 663 Open cluster Cassiopeia 01h 46m 00s +61° 15' 00" I must have picked this one up while trying to find M103
141 NGC 7789 Open cluster Cassiopeia 23h 57m 24s +56° 42' 30" Even though there are two Messier clusters in Cassiopeia, this one is the best!  Always worth a visit
142 IC 4665 Open cluster Ophiuchus 17h 46m 13s +05° 36' 54" One of the three large, splashy clusters in the Ophiuchus - Serpens Milky Way off-ramp
143 NGC 6231 Open cluster Scorpius 16h 55m 44s -41° 50' 23" Spectacular open cluster in far southern Scorpius, a must view whenever you have good southern views
144 H 12 Open cluster Scorpius 16h 54m 44s -40° 42' 31" Harvard 12 is one of the large and sparse open clusters just north of NGC 6231
145 NGC 6242 Open cluster Scorpius 16h 55m 31s -39° 28' 26" Also an open cluster just north of NGC 6231
Moon and Planets
146 Venus Shortly after Sunset Pisces 00h 21m 58s +11° 30' 50" 4 days prior to inferior conjunction; observed a thin crescent Venus after sunset with 20x80 binoculars and unaided eye
147 Saturn Late evening Leo 11h 16m 25s +07° 09' 20" Rings nearly edge-on; good observation of the spacing between the rings on both sides with C8
148 Jupiter Early morning Capricornus 21h 21m 01s -16° 04' 56" Nice view of Jupiter near ι Capricorni with C8
149 Moon Early morning Aquarius 22h 32m 08s -07° 26' 19" Thin crescent Moon, strongly distorted while rising due to atmospheric refraction
150 Mars Early morning Aquarius 22h 37m 34s -09° 55' 50" Nothing to observe telescopically; positioned just below Moon, first observation of it this apparition
151 Venus Just before sunrise Pisces 00h 21m 01s +11° 23' 25" Last observation of this long night was seeing crescent Venus before sunrise with 20x80 binoculars and unaided eye